定从修饰问题终极大讨论开始!

og27. Published in Harlem, the owner and editor of the Messenger were two young journalists. Chandler Owen j and A. Philip Randolph, who would later make his reputation as a labor leader.

(A) Published in Harlem, the owner and editor of the Messenger were two young journalists. Chandler Owen and A. Philip Randolph, who would later make his reputation as a labor leader.

(B) Published in Harlem, two young journalists, Chandler Owen and A. Philip Randolph, who would later make his reputation as a labor leader, were the owner and editor of the Messenger.

(C) Published in Harlem, the Messenger was owned and edited by two young journalists, A. Philip Randolph, who would later make his reputation as a labor leader, and Chandler Owen.

(D) The Messenger was owned and edited by two young journalists. Chandler Owen and A. Philip Randolph, who would later make his reputation as a labor leader, and published in Harlem.

(E) The owner and editor being two young journalists, Chandler Owen and A. Philip Randolph, who would later make his reputation as a labor leader, the Messenger was published in Harlem.

Choices A and B present dangling modifiers that illogically suggest that Owen and Randolph, rather than the Messenger, were published in Harlem. In D, the phrase and published in Harlem is too remote from the Messenger to modify it effectively. In E, being produces an awkward construction, and the placement of the main clause at the end of the sentence is confusing. Only in C, the best answer, is Published in Harlem followed immediately by the Messenger. Also, C makes it clear that the clause beginning who refers to Randolph.

AB里面不讨论逻辑主语的问题, 关于这个A and B , who的修饰问题.

首先大家看几个题:

128. New hardy varieties of rice show promise of producing high yields without the costly requirements of irrigation and application of commercial fertilizer by earlier high-yielding varieties.

(A) requirements of irrigation and application of commercial fertilizer by earlier high-yielding varieties

(B) requirements by earlier high-yielding varieties of application of commercial fertilizer and irrigation

(D) application of commercial fertilizer and irrigation that was required by earlier high-yielding varieties

(E) irrigation and application of commercial fertilizer that were required by earlier high-yielding varieties

正确答案是E, 这里很明显that were有强制指代前面的irrigation and application,而且也只有这样, 不然were说不通.

205. The peaks of a mountain range, acting like rocks in a streambed, produce ripples in the air flowing over them; the resulting flow pattern, with crests and troughs that remain stationary although the air that forms them is moving rapidly, are known as "standing waves."

(A) crests and troughs that remain stationary although the air that forms them is moving rapidly, are

(B) crests and troughs that remain stationary although they are formed by rapidly moving air, are

(D) stationary crests and troughs although the air that forms them is moving rapidly, are

(E) stationary crests and troughs although they are formed by rapidly moving air, is

答案是C,根据句意也可以判断出后置的定从指代前面crests and troughs 这个整体

现在问题出来了,为什么OG27可以说在不存在强制指代,也不是指代整体的情况下就说可以指代A of B中的A呢?

113. Visitors to the park have often looked up into the leafy canopy and saw monkeys sleeping on the branches. whose arms and legs hang like socks on a clothesline.

(A) saw monkeys sleeping on the branches, whose arms and legs hang

(B) saw monkeys sleeping on the branches, whose arms and legs were hanging

(D) seen monkeys sleeping on the branches, with arms and legs hanging

(E) seen monk eys sleeping on the branches, whose arms and legs have hung

Choices A, B, and C use have ... saw where have ... seen is required. Choices A, B, and E awkwardly separate the relative clause beginning whose arms and legs ... from monkeys, the noun it modifies. Choices A and E also confusingly use the present tense hang and the present perfect have hung, respectively; neither verb conveys clearly that, at the time the monkeys were spotted sleeping, their arms and legs were hanging in the manner described. Choice D, the best answer, not only forms a correct and clear sentence by supplying the present perfect verb have ... seen, but also solves the problem of the whose ... clause by using the appropriately placed adverbial phrase with arms and legs hanging... to modify sleeping.

这个题目里面monkey和whoes中间有一个braches, 如果说可以跳越的话, 那为什么OG解释说错了?114. From the bark of the paper birch tree the Menomini crafted a canoe about twenty feet long and two feet wide, with small ribs and rails of cedar, which could carry four persons or eight hundred pounds of baggage so light that a person could easily portage it around impeding rapids.

(A) baggage so light

(B) baggage being so light

(D) baggage, and so light

(E) baggage yet was so light

红色的which在肯定是修饰canoe, 居然中间那些插入的名词全都不是歧义?!跳那么远?!

请教大家!!! 同时大家对于定从的指代有什么看法, 尤其是跳越的, 都一起发出来吧, 我们大家合力一个帖子解决掉!!

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