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自己用的最熟手的GMAT语法解题流程,跟大家分享

[日期:2016-03-28] 来源:ChaseDream论坛 作者:danyuchn [字体: ]

这套解题流程是经过2.5个月的trial and error试验出来的。
最后在实战中拿到了一战760的成绩。
想说跟大家分享,SC真的是Verbal的定锚,没了SC有了世界又如何。

大家先来用自己原来的方法,做一次这个题目,记一下做题时间跟自已的流程:

Although Alice Walker published a number of essays, poetry collections, and stories during the 1970s, her third novel, The Color Purple, which was published in 1982, brought her the widest acclaim in that it won both the National Book Award as well as the Pulitzer Prize.

(A) which was published in 1982, brought her the widest acclaim in that it won both the National Book Award as well as the Pulitzer Prize
(B) published in 1982, bringing her the widest acclaim by winning both the National Book Award and the Pulitzer Prize
(C) published in 1982, brought her the widest acclaim, winning both the National Book Award and the Pulitzer Prize
(D) was published in 1982 and which, winning both the National Book Award and the Pulitzer Prize, brought her the widest acclaim
(E) was published in 1982, winning both the National Book Award as well as the Pulitzer Prize, and bringing her the widest acclaim

现在来讲一下自己常用的语法解题流程:

Step 1:瞄一眼画线部分长短,判断是否为短题*短题标准:(1)目测选项长度只能容纳一到两个差异点(考点)(2) 一眼能同时比较五个选项

若是短题,则请直接下去一眼同时比较五个选项,透过差异点回去找线索

如若五个选项的差异点在助动词单复数,则等等回去找直接主词 差异点若在动词形式改变,则等等回去找平行/找该格在文章结构中该用什么形式... 即可直接删去不适当的答案。

若不是短题(亦即一眼无法看完五个选项,且目测容纳差异超过两个),请至Step 2

Step 2:选项分类,把开头或结尾长相相近的选项分在一起比如:

S, Ving..., V+O...
(A) ,Ving...(B) ,Ving...(C) ,which V...(D) ,Ving...(E) ,which V...

此时ABD分一类 CE分一类。 (当然有时候不会只有3-2 split,可能还有2-2-1、2-1-1-1之类的)

Step 3:刚刚用来分类的,长相相近的地方,如果是能明显判断的文法考点则直接解掉
比如若分出来的开头有句首Ving,则直接检查逻辑主词
分出来的开头是has/have,则直接检查主词单复数

*偏好性(冗长精简、写法好坏)千万不要在这时候判断

*不确定的考点先不要硬解,比如:

(A) ,Ving...(B) ,Ving...(C) ,which V...(D) ,Ving...(E) ,which V...

这时候单看这几个字,都可以做非限定修饰,所以就先放着不要硬解

Step 4:让同一类的选项做两两比较(组内PK)
比如若刚刚ABD/CE这样分组,则先把C跟E逐字比对
两个选项的任何差异都是「准考点」。

至于分组若有三个选项以上(如ABD),则先抓两个更像的两两相比
比如AD长比较像,则先拿AD比,比赢的再跟B比(擂台战)

Step 4-1:看到选项「差异点」(也就是准考点)时,先判断属于哪种层级的考点优先级:
文法正确与否(简称文法)>
句意是否合理清晰(简称句意)>
表达是否精简漂亮(简称写法好坏)

遇到文法的点,当下直接解掉
遇到句意的点,先扣着,继续往后找有没有文法的差异点,没有才能回来解句意
遇到写法好坏的点,更要忍住,等文法&文意解完才能判断

如果遇到不确定的考点,先不要判断,直接避开,找其他点解

Step 4-2:确定解掉一个考点而删去某选项,请往其他四个选项的同样位置看,是否有同样错误比如若ABD/CE分类之下,CE相比,因为E的某个文法点错误而将E删去
接着往其他选项的同样位置删,发现B也有同样的文法错误,则亦可顺道将B删去
这样子就会迅速剩下AD/C(接着再把AD相比,继续重复PK战)

Step 5:小组PK结束后,把各小组胜者来做最后比较的决战。---
举个例子:
以下再度回到OG2016-13,用新的解题流程重做一次:

Although Alice Walker published a number of essays, poetry collections, and stories during the 1970s, her third novel, The Color Purple, which was published in 1982, brought her the widest acclaim in that it won both the National Book Award as well as the Pulitzer Prize.

(A) which was published in 1982, brought her the widest acclaim in that it won both the National Book Award as well as the Pulitzer Prize
(B) published in 1982, bringing her the widest acclaim by winning both the National Book Award and the Pulitzer Prize
(C) published in 1982, brought her the widest acclaim, winning both the National Book Award and the Pulitzer Prize
(D) was published in 1982 and which, winning both the National Book Award and the Pulitzer Prize, brought her the widest acclaim
(E) was published in 1982, winning both the National Book Award as well as the Pulitzer Prize, and bringing her the widest acclaim

Step 1:判断画线长度推测应包含两个以上的差异点且无法五个选项一眼比较完成--非短题

Step 2:选项分类

(A) which was published in 1982, brought her the widest acclaim in that it won both the National Book Award as well as the Pulitzer Prize
(B) published in 1982, bringing her the widest acclaim by winning both the National Book Award and the Pulitzer Prize
(C) published in 1982, brought her the widest acclaim, winning both the National Book Award and the Pulitzer Prize
(D) was published in 1982 and which, winning both the National Book Award and the Pulitzer Prize, brought her the widest acclaim (E) was published in 1982, winning both the National Book Award as well as the Pulitzer Prize, and bringing her the widest acclaim

Step 3:用来分类的地方是否能直接用文法解掉?
观察文法,发现
(A) her third novel, The Color Purple, which was published... (which非限定修饰N)
(B/C) her third novel, The Color Purple, published in 1982, ... (Vpp词组非限定修饰N)
(D/E) her third novel, The Color Purple, was published in 1982,(S+beV+Vpp被动句结构)

在文法上皆属合理,无法直接判断。

Step 4:组内PK啰!(B) published in 1982, bringing her the widest acclaim by winning both the National Book Award and the Pulitzer Prize
(C) published in 1982, brought her the widest acclaim, winning both the National Book Award and the Pulitzer Prize

Step 4-1:判断考点层级
第一个差异点,判断考点层级:
B选项属于句尾,Ving的延伸结构,
句意上必须要对前面紧接着的动作有详细说明或连带结果,属于句意考点 C选项则为单纯的主要动词结构(her third novel...brought...)。

由于需要用句意判断,因此先往后看是否有还有文法考点可以优先解。

红色处为第二个差异点,判断考点层级:
B选项属于by Ving 文法可以接在句子后面,但是必须要有「藉由...手段」的意思,属于句意
C选项属于句尾,Ving的延伸结构,
句意上必须要对前面紧接着的动作有详细说明或连带结果,属于句意考点

因此,两个差异都是用句意。这时挑自己有把握的判断

B选项的句尾Ving指的是「为作者带来最广泛的赞赏」, 前句「小说在1982年出版」跟「得到赞赏」既非合理因果关系(不是只要出版就会受到赞赏)也非补充说明(得到赞赏跟出版小说是两回事)

因此删去B。

B选项「藉由赢得奖项来得到大众广泛赞赏」
跟C选项「得到大众广泛赞赏后,因此得了奖」
两句在考场上可能觉得都合理,无法判断,所以避开。

因此依有把握判断的差异点先删去B。

Step 4-2:确定删掉一个点后,往其他选项的同样位置看有没有同样错误 (E) was published in 1982, winning both the National Book Award as well as the Pulitzer Prize, and bringing her the widest acclaim

发现E有同样错误,于是删去。

此时选项剩下ACD,刚刚分的小组已经打完了
(因为DE里面的E也顺带在上一步被删掉,DE无比较必要)

遇到3个以上的选项要比较时,继续尽量找相近的,开始打擂台战

(A) which was published in 1982, brought her the widest acclaim in that it won both the National Book Award as well as the Pulitzer Prize
(C) published in 1982, brought her the widest acclaim, winning both the National Book Award and the Pulitzer Prize
(D) was published in 1982 and which, winning both the National Book Award and the Pulitzer Prize, brought her the widest acclaim

我会选择先将结构同样是
「 S+ 修饰语 (which子句/Vpp词组修饰)+ 主要动作brought her the widest acclaim...」的AC,放在一起比较。

(A) which was published in 1982, brought her the widest acclaim in that it wonboth the National Book Award as well as the Pulitzer Prize
(C) published in 1982, brought her the widest acclaim, winning both the National Book Award and the Pulitzer Prize

形容词子句或词组做修饰,在这边文法上句意上都没有问题
因此是属于写法精简与否(写法好坏)考点,先扣着,往后看有没有层级更优先的考点

in that虽属于惯用语(文法),意思是「因为」但是却相当少见 且记忆中旧版OG与新版OG对in that的认定标准不一致,无法确定判断。 旧OG中in that出现在正确答案中,新版OG在解释中却说in that是「过时的用法」

再者,到底是A选项的「因为(in that)得奖所以作者获得广泛声誉」还是C选项的「先获得广泛声誉后再得奖」,在句意上皆无法明确判断谁比较合理。

因此这个考点我会选择跳过(不确定的点不要硬解)

最后的差异点就很明显是文法考点了,A选项的both...as well as...属于惯用语搭配错误,删

Step 5:最后把C跟D拿来打决战

(C) published in 1982, brought her the widest acclaim, winning both the National Book Award and the Pulitzer Prize
(D) was published in 1982 and which, winning both the National Book Award and the Pulitzer Prize, brought her the widest acclaim

看到and想到平行,属于文法考点,直接判断
结果发现D选项前面根本没有平行对象,直接删去。

最后正确答案为C。

一点感想:(1) 解题流程固定的必要性有固定的解题流程,考试时看到SC眼睛不乱瞄乱扫,不会抓了一个点就要开始乱解, 这样做题速度才会稳定(实证,这套解题流程可以让SC解题速度达到每题0.5~1min内),
正确率也会稳定。进入考点较难判断的高分区的时候,才不会进退失据,反而心态乱掉。
就像是投手的姿势要固定,投出来的球才不会有的时候好球有的时候暴投,有时快有时慢。

SC真正稳住了,才能把多的时间跟心力分给RC和CR。

(2) 任何时候都不要单独看一个选项,考点是从比较而来单独看选项的时候会漏掉考点,影响正确率
(比如修饰语摆放位置不同所造成的句意改变,单看一个选项根本看不出来)
单看一个选项也会不小心执着在根本不是考点的地方,浪费时间
比如看到they就去研究指代对象,殊不知五个选项都有they,
总不可能五个全删吧!
有差异的点才是出题点,没差异的地方就不会考。

(3) 考点层级很重要看到一个考点不要急着下去解,
永远提醒自己:文法>句意>写法好坏

OG2016已经出现了一些写法难看,但是因为文法与句意唯一合理,所以是正确的答案。
若是先看写法好坏,则会误删掉这些选项。
而刚好这些一定又是高分区的难题。
(题目的难度是按照该题答对的人数比例来定的,若能突破别人的盲点,在别人都选错的题目选对,就能拿到高分)

同时,也不要一开始就看句意。 因为看句意比判断文法更需要思考意思合理性,而这必然会花时间。
万一题目是整句画线,五个选项各四行,看完时间就超过了。
因此,先以明显且绝对的文法错误尝试删去几个选项,
最后留下来的选项数量较少,看句意所多花的时间也相对节省很多。

(4) 不确定的点千万不要硬解如刚刚的题目中,我们有好几个判断点跟层级可以走,
文法的点不确定就跳过,换下一个点,真的没有确定可以判断的就换句意解
句意跟文法的点都解完or无法判断了,再用写法好坏解
不要太快把自己放到凭着可能错误的记忆硬解的赌博游戏里。

(5) 做好总结与归纳,才能培养判断考点的敏锐度。解题流程只是一个策略,策略的细节操作还是需要实力。
实力来自过去的总结是否确实。

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原文引自:
https://forum.chasedream.com/thread-1252057-1-1.html

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